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The periodic table, which contains all the naturally occurring and mad-made chemical elements, is the central pillar of any chemistry classroom. This method of classification dates to a textbook from 1869, written by Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev. The Russian scientist noticed…
Temperate forests make up a majority of the forest type on the eastern coast of the United States as well as parts of Europe and are composed of both deciduous and coniferous trees. In the Southern Appalachians, the forest is…
Alkalinity is the ability of a solution to neutralize an acid to the equivalence point of calcium carbonate. It is not to be confused with basicity. In an academic setting, alkalinity is measured in milliequivalence per liter, and in commercial…
Teachers in high school and college often calculate semester grades by assigning weights to assignments throughout the semester and computing a weighted average, or weighted mean. For example, a teacher might make the midterm test worth 20 percent of the…
Biologists and ecologists categorize the earth’s various ecosystems into biomes: geographical areas that share a similar climate, plant and animal population. The temperate (or Mediterranean) woodland and shrubland biome is found on the western coasts of South Africa, Australia and…
Steel and galvanized steel strength comes from the thickness or gauge of the steel and the amount of carbon added, not the galvanization process which is simply a coating to prevent rust. Carbon added to iron during the smelting process…
Just as larger measurements have a multitude of different units to gauge them, so do smaller measurements. The millimeter and thousandth of an inch are two minute units of length and distance. The millimeter is a minuscule measurement based on…
Rounding to the nearest 10 is an important math skill. It’s useful when you need a general idea of how many items or how much money you have but don’t really need an exact number. Values are easier to work…
Quantities of chemicals are measured in grams, but the amounts that react based on a chemical reaction are expressed in moles according to the stoichiometry of the equation. The term moles refers to a collection of particles and represents a…
Trees are simply one kind of plant, sharing with other plants a limited range of motion, cell walls containing cellulose and the ability to change sunlight into food through photosynthesis. Within the botanical division of plants, called by the Latin…
