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The caterpillar is an immature butterfly or moth, also known as the larval. A caterpillar transforms into a butterfly or moth after hibernating in a cocoon. The Magic of Complete Metamorphosis One of the most truly amazing occurrences of nature…
When thinking about the apex predator of the ocean, most people quickly think of sharks. Sharks have been around for over 400 million years and still dominate the sea today. Despite the menacing depiction portrayed by films such as “Jaws,”…
Simple machines are designed to make work easier using few parts. A doorknob is a simple machine that only has two main parts. Six basic types of simple machines exist: the lever, inclined plane, wedge, pulley, screw and the wheel…
Pipes carry oil from refineries to distribution points hundreds of miles away, and they also carry gas and water to individual residences in municipal service areas. No one wants these pipes to burst, so distribution companies pay close attention to…
Perhaps one of the most renowned marine mammals, dolphins have certainly splashed their way into the hearts and curiosity of people worldwide. Scientists currently recognize over 49 different species of dolphin and porpoise across the world’s oceans and rivers, from…
Shock load is the term used to describe the sudden force exerted when an object suddenly accelerates or decelerates, such as when a falling object hits the ground, a fastball strikes a catcher’s glove or a diver begins to leap…
Ethanol, or ethyl alcohol, and methanol, or methyl alcohol, are renewable fuel sources, made from plant-based materials ranging from corn and sugar cane to agricultural and timber waste. They are highly flammable and volatile substances. Outside of carefully controlled environments,…
Pine cones are not just things we pick up from the ground that are good for crafts, making fires and playing with the dog. Pine cones are actually the seed pods for pine trees in the Pinaceae family. Pine trees…
Earth consists of four major layers: the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. While most of the layers are made of solid material, there are several pieces of evidence suggesting that the outer core is indeed liquid. Density, seismic-wave…
Probabilities represent the chances that different events will occur. For example, if you were rolling a single six-sided die, you would have the same probability of rolling a one as rolling any other number because each number will come up…
