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In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes, a Greek mathematician, became the first person to mathematically calculate the diameter of the earth by comparing differences in the angle of the sun’s rays at two separate geographic points. He noticed that the…
A pulley doesn’t use fuel or electricity, and it doesn’t run on its own, but it’s still a machine. Not a machine in the way the word is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, but a machine in the way engineers…
The duty cycle of a signal measures the amount of time that given signal is active within a system or receiver. This ratio of time determines the power delivered by the signal. Signals with longer duty cycles carry more power.…
Math problems involving three-dimensional shapes may require us to find the lateral surface area of a square pyramid. The lateral surface area is the sum of the areas of its lateral faces (sides), while the total surface area is the…
In mathematics, diamond problems are practice problems that aid in skill development. Unlike many mathematical tools that focus on building a single skill, diamond problems actually build two skills at the same time. The unique nature of the problem helps…
Big, shiny, drops of dew on a blade of grass glisten in the crisp morning air, but where did they come from? The grass is not sweating, no rain is falling, and your neighbor’s lawn sprinkler isn’t on. Instead, the…
Photosynthesis, derived from the Greek words photo – meaning “light” – and synthesis – “putting together or to make” – is a process used by plants and some bacteria to harness the energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon…
A pendulum is a simple device composed of a weight suspended on a string, wire, metal or other material that swings back and forth. Pendulums are used in everything from grandfather clocks to metronomes. Scientific principles govern what affects the…
A vertex is a mathematical word for a corner. Most geometrical shapes, whether two or three dimensional, possess vertices. For instance, a square has four vertices, which are its four corners. A vertex can also refer to a point in…
You may think of inertia as a mysterious force keeping you from doing something you have to do, like your homework, but that isn’t what physicists mean by the word. In physics, inertia is the tendency of an object to…
